Switching stabilized power supply is a type of power supply that works by using switching transistors to control the output voltage of the power supply, in order to achieve stable output. Its working principle can be divided into the following aspects:

1、 Classification of Switching Voltage Stabilized Power Supply

Before understanding the working principle of switch mode power supplies, we need to first understand the classification of switch mode power supplies. According to different working modes, switch mode power supplies can be divided into AC-DC switch mode power supplies and DC-DC switch mode power supplies.

AC-DC Switching Power Supply: The input voltage is AC power, which is rectified, filtered, and controlled by switches in the input circuit to convert AC power into stable DC power output.

DC-DC switching power supply: The input voltage is direct current, which is processed by switching, filtering, etc. in the input circuit, and then outputs stable direct current to supply to the load.

2、 Working principle of switch tube

In switch mode power supplies, the application of switching transistors is indispensable. Switching transistor usually refers to semiconductor components such as transistors, power field-effect transistors, insulated gate bipolar transistors, etc. It has the characteristics of low static power consumption, high switching speed, and strong controllability.

When we want to control the voltage, the first step is to make the output voltage of the power supply higher than or equal to the required voltage. At this time, the switch tube will be turned on, and the current will enter the inductor through the switch tube. When current passes through an inductor, a magnetic field is formed and an electromotive force is generated on the wires surrounding the inductor. This electromotive force forms a so-called loop oscillation on the capacitor, generating periodic resonant voltages. When the switch tube is turned off, the current in the inductor suddenly interrupts, and the magnetic energy stored in the inductor drives the current to continue flowing, which is then consumed by the load through the output terminal and outputs a fixed voltage. By repeating this process, a stable and controllable output voltage can be formed.